Aerial view of the Plaza de los Conquistadores and the surrounding wards.
The appointment as Royal Commissioner for the Exhibition of Cruz Conde in 1926, breathed new life into the organization, leading to some nervousness and fast as it was Government's intention to inaugurate in 1927, soon saw the need to delay the first October 12, 1928 and finally to May 9, 1929.
This momentum was the period of greatest number of buildings, but it is also true that were less valuable, with the exception of international pavilions, whose conduct was not in charge of the Committee, apart from this exception and some other flag officer or semi-state company, which was built props and scenery, that once the exhibition is dismantled.
A rapid design and construction, should add another variant that would be key to the demolition of the buildings that were installed mostly in the Southern Sector, and is the character of the land occupied by him, that by not being in its Most property City, was leased to their rightful owners.
One of the great burdens that dragged the organizers of the exhibition until the arrival of Cruz Conde, was their lack of decision making permanent, especially in regard to side to make realistic budgets and on the other the translation in a final plan to occupy the area required. In this regard it should be noted that the participation of countries, regions, cities, companies, etc. became very hard to get, resulting in confirmation a few months after the inauguration, in many cases.
Although before planes appeared in 1925, not until the bill passed in that year, when gives you authentic nature of the call letter Sector South as a zone of expansion of the exhibition after shuffling others. This sector occupied the ground between the Avenida Reina Victoria (now of Palms), Channel Alfonso XIII and the bed of Guadaíra. Shaped elongated triangle whose longest side that ran from the Glorieta de Mexico to the Stadium, measuring 1,300 meters.
The structure of the Southern Sector, is divided by a longitudinal axis in the Avenida de la Raza and a center in the Plaza de los Conquistadores, not being very successful union between it and its surrounding facilities, as Trillo de Leyva. The ordination was carried out by sector, the area of \u200b\u200bthe livestock section was the responsibility of Pedro Sánchez Núñez, and the Plaza de los Conquistadores de Vicente Traver.
Columbus Avenue and Stores first .
On June 16, 1925, the contract was signed lease with the brothers Roads, on a plot of 159,000 m2 with a validity period that began on September 1, 1925 and ending on December 31, 1930, and whose annual amount was to 2385 pesetas. This is perhaps why it was built most of the non-permanent installations, and later led to the disappearance of virtually all buildings. The design of the Plaza de los Conquistadores was Maria Luisa Park, and was approved on 3 December 1927. Due to the shortage of time the square was not completed on the opening day, being one of the last official work to complete.
The square was a huge rectangular space hosted galleries, fountains, gardens, statues and pavilions. The main access to it, was done through the Avenida de la Raza, after crossing a landscaped area that served to divide the two buildings of the National Department Stores, which was left and right of access.
Postal of the time with a view of the square.
These two rectangular buildings were commercial galleries were designed by young architect José Granado de la Vega, ephemeral construction, consisted of a portico run, with neo-baroque ornamentation Trim and graffiti with Levante clear influence of Traver. In the arches of the corners, gables rose mixtilíneas forms, decorated inside with heraldic reliefs and topped on both sides of vases. Completed the top, a railing that ran around the perimeter of the building. The galleries are covered with a rectangular with a gabled roof, high above large windows, which naturally served to illuminate the inside of them, they only occupy the area inside the building leaving free a spacious balcony that occupied the same space Run the porch below.
View of National Stores, in the foreground the porch.
As the Official List within the galleries had the appearance of major shopping streets, some three hundred exhibitors housed mostly from national and local companies, with the exposed material varied. These buildings with central garden area, formed a large terrace offering a magnificent view of the rest of the square was on his feet at a lower level.
To bridge the gap that existed between the aforementioned Avenida de la Raza and the apple which was inscribed the Plaza, had built up a broad staircase, installing its center a monumental fountain, which we will describe later.
Stand Philips Radio, within Stores
Occupying the central space of the Plaza was a large pool of long rectangular shape, whose railings were covered with colored ceramic and on which were placed potted flowers. This source whose powerful jets were illuminated with colored lights, it was quite a sight at night.
the background, closing this space was the Pavilion of the National Tourism Board, and flanking it with both sides were distributed flags Andalusia Cadiz, Huelva, Granada and Jaen, regional and New Castile, Asturias, Navarra and Galicia.
Among the gardens in front of the facade of the Pavilion of Tourism, and the end of the central pond, crossed the Avenue Plaza del Salvador, in the center of which stood the monumental statue of Christopher Columbus donated by Torcuato Luca de Tena, and carried Coullaut by Lorenzo Valera, introducing the discoverer of a vigorous, with the right foot forward, left hand holding the banner of Castile and the right holding an anchor.
The statue stood on a beautiful pedestal adorned with Gothic pinnacles at the corners, and scenes painted on the inside of the arches inscribed on each of the four sides.
addition to this, other sculptures representing American explorers and conquerors, adorned the gardens of the square, located among flowers, shrubs, fountains and tile banks, which are the following:
Statue Columbus in Plaza de los Conquistadores
The great conqueror Francisco Pizarro, stood before the door of the Pavilion of New Castile, was awarded to Manuel Delgado Brackembury, but due to lack of time for execution, as he occurred in other works, Antonio had to subcontract issued drum.
Distribution of the statues in the Plaza de los Conquistadores.
(courtesy of Sergio David assembly Tired)
Rodrigo de Triana, was installed at the other end of the Pavilion of New Castile, near the Puerta de Madrid. This sculpture if it was done by Manuel Delgado Brackembury, and represented the Triana universally known, with his right arm high into the sky strongly taking a scroll with his hand, the other was leaning on a tree after which they were rigging of ships. The character was dressed in humble clothes leaving bare sea legs and arms and covering his head with a beret.
Hernando de Soto, the great conqueror and explorer of the New World, had his statue placed in front of the Granada Pavilion, it was depicted standing back deck with a large cloak and wearing armor, hand right carried a large sword sank into the ground, took her head uncovered.
The great navigator and co-discoverer Martin Alonso Pinzon, had installed his statue in front of the flag of Asturias, the work of sculptor Antonio Pinto Soldan, represented this character in civilian clothes at the time, taking his right hand about marine gear and had left some books to put on your hip.
Vaso Nunez de Balboa, was the first European who sighted the Pacific Ocean, this work was done by the sculptor Francisco Marcos Díaz Pintado, and subcontractor Manuel Delgado Brackembury, it is appreciated this great explorer, garments the time and covering the chest armor. Holding in his left hand wrapped a flag in memory of the inauguration of the South Seas, the name was known then to the Pacific Ocean, on behalf of the Crown of Castile.
Basque Statue in front of the Balboa Pavilion Navarra.
Finally, in the gardens that preceded the entrance of the Hall of Galicia, was placed the statue of the first sailor who managed to complete the circumnavigation of the Earth Juan Sebastian Elcano. For the same reason that of Pizarro, was executed by Antonio Basket, it embodied the great ocean touched his head erect, coat hanging from the left shoulder, holding in his hand on that side of a globe in honor of his achievement.
The Columbus statue in front of the Pavilion of Tourism .
Rodrigo de Triana in Madrid Puerta Castilla Pavilion New
Sebastián Elcano against Galicia Pavilion.
The statues of the Plaza de los Conquistadores . Complementing this
rose decoration along the left side of the central pond, a circular white temple Classic style, consisting of six Tuscan columns on high podium, which supported a beautiful semi-circular dome. The building had some orphan to lack, on the opposite side of the pond, another construction to complete the symmetry of the whole. The heterogeneous group formed in this place for the sculptures, as well as landscaped areas with benches masonry tiles, the temple and the central pond, with the background of the various pavilions, with its diversity of architectural forms, made this something very colorful place, thereby achieving a variety of styles together in such a short space, and proclaim the ideal of the eclectic style Exhibition.
The monumental fountain inscribed on the steps, which spanned the gradient between the area of \u200b\u200bStores and the rest of the Plaza, to which we referred earlier, was designed by architect José Granados de la Vega, Seville, partner college of Aurelio Gómez Millán, who won the title of architect in 1922, and that with the change of coaching staff who conducted the Commissioner Cruz Conde in 1927, became part of this auxiliary Traver and Thomas Vincent.
Source tribute to Hispanic Heritage
This monumental fountain wanted to pay tribute to Hispanic Heritage Inspired by the classic Italian style of this type of monument, for which used a series of allegorical elements Art'Decó style that we describe. Presiding over all a lady representing Iberia and is practically a copy of the Lady of Elche, wearing the same dress and ornaments, in the right hand holds a cornucopia of fruits and flowers that come spilling until to land. The image is haughty, like a goddess on the bow of a caravel. This sculpture is the work of Francisco Marco Díaz Pintado. Iberian Lady was accompanied by two statues looking young men lying on the water, allegorically represented the Guadalquivir river Magdalena in Colombia. Which was located on the right was the Guadalquivir, the work of Agustín Sánchez-Cid and can be seen lying on the ground, a bull's head and a bunch of plenty with fruit and ears of wheat. The Magdalena river stood to the left of the Lady, this sculpture was the work of José Díaz Laffite and it appears the young man lying on rocks, leaning back on tropical fruits and a reptile American. Discharging water suppliers with human heads, under the statues of the rivers cascaded over three batteries to melt into the central pond representing the Atlantic Ocean.
The source on a postcard of the era. The staircase
But nothing like the words of José Andrés Vázquez, written in October 1929, describing this work in the ABC newspaper as follows:
"Their main source whose plane was descending from the higher ground by large steps, it took the monumental fountain of La Raza, interesting permanent construction that apart from the elegance of its lines has the charm of a noble symbol of expression well achieved. About Baroque basement culmination of a statue of Marcus, recalling the Lady of Elche, the venerable plastic representation of women Iberian-expresses the illustrious pride of the English race that splits the world. The base rests on a stylized caravel. The bow moves over the waters of the pond, whose amplitude evokes the vastness of the seas crossed by the discoverers, and bowls of shells that form the paths sources side, topped by beautiful statues and Lafita Sanchez-Cid, representing the spiritual force Spain and played for the New World, constantly flowing water as a symbol of disaffection that had the firm generous discovery and colonization. At night, this water poematic is colored red and yellow ... ....
The blue wonder sevillanas night, illuminating the vast space with the glow of fire in bright lights, stained water jets of the spectral hues, acquired the Plaza de los Conquistadores a magical evocative prestige. La Raza immortal stands majestic and caravel that supports his throne appears to be moving in a sea that was a huge, bright flag of Spain on his way to the immortal glory ... .. "
Pond central night lighting.
of the beautiful fountain, grace and pride of Seville at the time, today is only the three statues. Source dismantled three sculptures at the initiative of Antonio Sanchez Corbacho, placed in one of the meadows of the Garden of Earthly Delights Arjona, scattered and on the grass, after years of neglect and multiple attacks were recently restored. In the report graph shows the location and their current status.
Current Status of the sculptures in the fountain in the gardens of the Delicias de Arjona.
Top Iberian Lady, followed by the Guadalquivir River and finally Rio Magdalena in Colombia.
The rest of the sculptures that made up the Plaza de los Conquistadores, in some cases if it ran worse luck. After the exhibition, and despite many attempts by the Mayor, Earl of Falcon, to acquire the land owned by the brothers Camino, which occupied the Plaza de los Conquistadores and had been leased for the duration of exposure, so expand the fair and ride car from that period, were not exist, the series of events that occurred with the fall of the monarchy y la proclamación de la república con el consiguiente cambio de gobierno municipal, así como el de liquidar los temas herederos del anterior régimen, dieron al traste con este proyecto. El gobierno municipal decide en 1935, suspender la opción de compra sobre estos terrenos y devolverlos a sus propietarios. En los meses de enero y agosto el diario ABC, recoge distintas resoluciones de Comisión de Parques y Jardines para que se redactasen los oportunos presupuestos para el traslado de emplazamientos, en los lugares ya acordado (desconocemos cuales eran) de las estatuas existentes en la Plaza de los Conquistadores. En el mes de noviembre de dicho año aún no se había hecho efectivo el traslado, pues una nueva Comisión required that for the next session will bring a proposal to order a partial transfer Cantero Society and marble.
Perhaps these transfer is not carried out, or at least only affect some of the sculpture, and the nearby Civil War began slow down these tasks. Tired
Sergio David Valle, has done an outstanding investigative reporting to find the location of each one of them, that we expose below.
statue of Martin Alonso Pinzon, Palos de la Frontera
The statue of Martin Alonso Pinzon, was transferred a town of Palos de la Frontera in 1944, settling in the Plaza Major Ramon Franco, which currently can be seen. Hernando de Soto, is in Jerez de los Caballeros, ignoring the date of transfer; has Grotta Gonzalez, son of the author of this statue, made one in 1969, we assume that what he did was touch up the work of his father , of changing the position of the sword, it now appears with the raised and covered her head with a helmet. It is currently located in the Puerta de Burgos in the town.
Hernando de Soto, as amended by Gonzalez Grotta, son Basque
Nuñez de Balboa, to conduct Francisco Marco Díaz Pintado, was located from the 70's of last century until the mid-80's in front of the Chapel of the Holy Martyrs, also at Jerez de los Caballeros. At that time the Institute of Hispanic Culture and the Provincial de Badajoz, ordered to make their own expense, a bronze statue of the famous explorer. Being renamed the old and Albitez Diego, founder of New Granada, to avoid a bad sign if returned to Seville. It appears he suffered a great deterioration, especially in the lower part of the statue being removed so surely no longer exists. 
Basque Núñez de Balboa, opposite the Chapel of the Holy Martyrs, 1960's photo.
(Photo courtesy of Sergio David Tired)
of Francisco Pizarro's, is in its original location, on the grounds of Colegio Mayor Hernando Colón, this institution was opened in 1948 - the state being acceptable conservation.
Pizarro, on the grounds of Colegio Mayor Hernando Colón .
Sculpture Remains Sebastian Elcano on the same grounds.
(Photo courtesy of Sergio David Tired)
We can not say the same for the rest of the sculpture of the navigator Juan Sebastian Elcano, as though part of it, pedestal and lower statue, found in its original location in the gardens of the said College, the rest was fragmented to drop you a eucalyptus branch to be pruned, remaining in that place the bust for a while, but nothing remains today, and head was never found. 
Rodrigo de Triana on your site's Square in 1960 Chapina .
With regard to the portrait of Rodrigo de Triana, this was for some time in the Plaza de Chapina, according to information published in the newspaper ABC, this new location opened in 1948, and was there until the end of the decade the 1970 which by their decline and poor condition was removed, the arm was maimed very often, "may no longer exist. Currently a new bill sculpture was placed in early 1980 to the end of the street Pagés del Corro. Lorenzo's sculpture made Coullaut, representing the New World explorer Christopher Columbus, is surrounded by trees and plants in Extremadura town of Jerez de los Caballeros, in the Parque de Santa Lucia, in gratitude for the transfer of the statue is positioned facing the city of Seville. However, it is a pity that this beautiful work is not installed on the beautiful basement that was shown at the event.
Columbus in the Parque de Santa Lucía de Jerez de los Caballeros .
In summary, the seven statues scattered throughout the gardens of the Plaza de los Conquistadores, three settled in Jerez de los Caballeros, the Columbus, Hernando de Soto and Basque Núñez de Balboa, although the latter no longer exists, the Martin Alonso Finch went to Palos de la Frontera and the remaining three were here, even in the same place where they were erected during the exhibition, that of Pizarro and Sebastian Elcano despite it, is in an unrecoverable state, and Rodrigo de Trina the only one that remained in this city and was moved from its original site, we do not know if lost or missing. For data that were gathered, it seems that even into the early 1940's, they remained in Seville, being moved by these fascists for placement in the places described. Anecdotally remember an event that took place in this square, the May 29, 1930, during a tribute to the discoverers and settlers of America, which organized the Exhibition Committee and culminating with a military ceremony. The act was to surrender to the swords of the Catholic Kings of Cortes and Pizarro, a tribute to the flags and banners of the army.
were present representations of all branches of the Army Corps and gala dress, as well as civil and military authorities, the mayors of Trujillo, Bell Tower, Cadiz, Puerto de Santa María, Sanlúcar de Barrameda, Palos Moguer, Rota, Lebrija, Jerez de los Caballeros, as representatives of the cities most prominent in the discovery and file all representations Latin American and Consular Corps, he officiated a mass campaign on a portable altar installed at the roundabout to the Plaza, the guard of honor at the altar was carried out by a detachment of sailors of the caravel Santa Maria.
Aspect of the Plaza de los Conquistadores during a ceremony . Pavilion
Galicia, were taken in procession swords and carried by three army officers and one of the Navy, this procession was preceded by the fifes of the Royal Corps of Alabarderos, once located in front of the altar swords, flags and banners were placed along the sides of the same rendering the honors. Mass began, upon completion of the swords, you were rendered honors again as he played the Royal March, being transported back to the pavilion of Galicia, while a battery of artillery, made the twenty one gun salute. The ceremony ended with the parade of ground forces and a flight of Air Base Tablada.
Another typical picture of this square were metal folding chairs that were rented for 20 cents., Not only were here, but they were scattered around the campus the following: San Telmo, Glorieta de Maria Luisa, Pond de los Patos, Fountain of the Frogs, Statue Square (Glorieta de Covadonga), Central Avenue Plaza of Spain, Plaza de America, esplanade esplanade malls and the halls of Snuff and Silk.
Image of the 50 typical of the Plaza Nueva, where you can see the folding metal chairs .
SOURCES - HISTORY American Exhibition in Seville in 1929, Eduardo Rodríguez Bernal
- Regionalism ARCHITECTURE IN SEVILLE 1900-1935. Alberto Villar Movellán.
- Exhibit Guide IBERO
1929-1930 - Flags of the Latin American Exhibition, Alberto Villar Movellán
The American Exhibition "Newspaper Municipal Funds"
- Regionalism ARCHITECTURE 1900-1935. Alberto Villar ABC
Movellán edition Sevilla .- La Plaza de los Conquistadores 29/10/1929 pg. Sevilla edition
ABC 7 .- The American Exhibition 30/05/1930 pg. 17 edition
ABC Sevilla .- The future of the Fair Country 05/07/1930 pg. 23 .-
ABC Sevilla edition municipal information 17/01/1935 - 08/18/1935 to 11/17/1935
ABC Sevilla .- OLD edition 14/03/1979 pg. 71
ABC Sevilla .- OLD edition 03/05/1979 pg. ABC
Sevilla .- OLD edition 10/04/1979 pg. 11
ABC Sevilla .- OLD edition 10/04/1979 pg. 11
ABC Sevilla .- OLD edition 06/03/1984 - 07/03/1984 pg. 11 to 09
ABC Sevilla .- OLD edition 13/03/1984 pg. 17
ABC Sevilla .- OLD edition 12/02/1984 pg. ABC
edition 15 .- The Gods Abducted Sevilla. 30/12/2002 pg. ABC
28 edition Sevilla .- A conclusion and several clarifications. 03/06/1989 pg. 44
- http://griegoantiguo.wordpress.com/category/ciudad-y-cultura-clasica/
- http://www.galeon.com/juliodominguez/
- http://www.sevillasigloxx.com/
- http://www.sevilla21.com/foro/viewtopic.php?t=3788
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